The Deadliest Concentration Camp That Was Not Run by the Nazis

Sam
6 min readJun 13, 2023

The Atrocities Of Jasenovac — A Lesser-Known Tragedy Of World War II, The Croatian Concentration Camp That Claimed The Lives Of Hundreds Of Thousands

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In this article we will try to shed light on the less famous concentration camp of Croatia that is known as Jasenovac.

While the horrors of German concentration camps are well-documented, the brutalities at Jasenovac remain relatively unknown.

The concentration camps were run by the Croatian fascists, Ustaše, who had free reign to carry out unspeakable acts against the Serbian population due to the camp’s isolation from the rest of WWII.

The exact number of deaths that took place at the Jasenovac concentration camp is still unknown because of the government’s efforts to conceal the tragedy.

Despite the efforts of Jasenovac survivors and memorials dedicated to the tragedy, there are still Jasenovac deniers who try to downplay the history of the camp.

German officers compared the camp’s appalling conditions to Dante’s Inferno as a testament to the horrors that were perpetrated there.

Jasenovac Camp Was Well Disguised

Map that shows the exact location of Jasenovac and other nearby camps
Location map of Jasenovac Concentration camp. / Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

The history of modern civilization is stained by concentration camps, and the worst of them existed during the Nazi era.

However, there is another concentration camp that was just as deadly and brutal, yet not as well known. Jasenovac, located in Croatia, was notorious for its brutal treatment of prisoners and high death toll.

What made Jasenovac even more elusive was its location which was atop a marshland, and this also made escape nearly impossible. Its proximity to factories, which made it appear like a labor facility.

These factors allowed the camp to remain hidden, despite the atrocities that occurred within its walls. In this article, we will explore the horrors of Jasenovac, the deadliest concentration camp not run by Nazis.

More Than 100,000 Dead In Croatian Concentration Camp

dead bodies of Jasenovac Inmates found in Sava River days after being killed by Ustaše.
Remains of Jasenovac prison inmates who were put to death and disposed of in the Sava River. / Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

Jasenovac concentration camp — a place where thousands upon thousands of innocent people were brutally murdered. From 1941 to 1945, this camp in Croatia claimed countless lives, and the exact number of victims remains contested to this day.

When people are forcibly removed from their homes and subjected to horrible horrors, it is impossible to imagine the dread and suffering that they went through.

It is hard to imagine what horror these people went through — especially the fact that these monstrous people were the same people for whom the victim’s elder gave their lives in the First Great War.

Let us never forget the human cost of war and hatred as we examine the heartbreaking facts of this catastrophe and work to stop similar atrocities from ever occurring again.

Minorities Were The Main Target

Fresh batch of prisoners being robbed of their belongings by the Jasenovac Consentration Camp officials.
Newly arriving prisoners being robbed of their belongings by Jasenovac officials. / Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

The atrocities of the Holocaust are well known, but few are aware of the horrors inflicted upon innocent individuals in the deadliest concentration camp not run by Nazis.

During World War II, the camps were established in Croatia and were expressly designed to hold Jews, Roma, Serbs, and political dissidents.

The cruelty and brutality unleashed upon those interned in these camps were nothing short of appalling. Inspired by their German counterparts, the Croatian authorities created an environment of terror where anyone who didn’t fit their narrow definition of acceptability was subjected to unspeakable torment.

From Serbs to Jews, Roma, and political dissidents, no one was spared from the horrors of these concentration camps.

Jasenovac Camp Was A Closely Guarded Secret

The Croatian police force known as the Ustae, not the Nazis, oversaw this camp in Croatia. Although Jasenovac’s purpose was kept a secret from the public, it is well known that the camps served primarily as extermination sites.

Jasenovac, dubbed the Auschwitz of the Balkans, was a location where people of Roma and Orthodox Serb descent as well as others were subjected to forced conversion. Those who fought back were ruthlessly murdered. A particularly unsettling component of the tale is the participation of Catholic clergymen in the camp.

The Jasenovac concentration camp has a terrible past, but it is not as well known as it ought to be. It is crucial to remember and draw lessons from this unfortunate historical incident.

Killing And Torture Was A Sports

Executions being carried out by the Ustaše militia over a mass grave close to the Jasenovac detention camp.
Executions being carried out by the Ustaše militia over a mass grave close to the Jasenovac detention camp. / Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

The horrors carried out by the Jasenovac camp guards in Croatia during World War II are evidence of the depths of human depravity.

The living circumstances for the convicts there were appalling, with little access to clean water and terrible sanitation. The guards’ actions, however, were what really made life miserable for those confined to the camp.

Unbelievably, some guards even competed to hurt or kill the most captives. The tremendous cruelty that can result from the abuse of power is brought home by this repugnant behavior.

No Luxury Of Gas Chamber

A small agricultural blade used for killing inmates at Jasenovac Concentration Camp so that no bullets are wasted.
“Srbosjek” or “Serbcutter” agricultural knife attached to the hand. The Ustase militia used it to quickly execute prisoners at Jasenovac. / Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

At the Jasenovac concentration camp, they developed a number of gruesome techniques for killing people. One of the most infamous of these was the Srbosjek, or “Serb Cutter.” This was a tool designed specifically for taking out people, and was used in a swift and close-range manner.

The Srbosjek consisted of a special attachment that was affixed to a fingerless glove. This allowed the user to wield the tool with greater precision and control. The blade itself was sharp and curved, resembling a sickle. The user would approach their victim and swiftly cut their throat, ensuring a quick death.

The use of the Srbosjek was not limited to Jasenovac but was also employed in other locations where the Ustaše held power. The tool was primarily used against Serbs; however, when killing was all on these soldiers’ minds it really didn’t matter who was in front of them.

The invention of the Srbosjek illustrates the lengths to which the Ustaše were willing to go in order to carry out their genocidal agenda. Without access to gas chambers or other advanced technologies, they created their own “tools” for exterminating those whom they deemed undesirable.

Conditions At Jasenovac Horrified Even The Germans

The remains of the Ustase-killed inmates in Jasenovac.
The remains of the Ustase-killed inmates in Jasenovac. / Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

During World War II, even German soldiers who were enforcers and perpetrators of the Holocaust were shocked by the appalling conditions at the Jasenovac concentration camp.

According to one German general who described what he saw, despite the propaganda, this is one of the worst concentration camps and can only be compared to Dante’s Inferno.

German soldiers simply couldn’t comprehend how many people died at Jasenovac. Jasenovac, which opened in August 1941, was used as a location for actual mass killing and torture.

Inhumane conditions existed at Jasenovac. Forced labor, malnutrition, sickness, and severe beatings were all inflicted upon prisoners.

The Fall Of Jasenovac Concentration Camp

Jasenovac Concentration Camp Memorial (The Stone Flower Memorial)
Jasenovac Memorial Built to honor those who lost their lives at this infamous Concentration Camp. / Image Source: Wikimedia Commons

The fall of Jasenovac Concentration camp was a tragic event in human history that almost faded into obscurity. Despite a memorial called the Stone Flower being erected in 1965 to document the atrocities committed there, the government tried to downplay the horror of what had happened.

Even many years later, some politicians continued to echo old sentiments that had led to the tragedy at Jasenovac.

Revisionist history attempted to portray those who committed atrocities as a benevolent government fighting for the interests of certain groups against supposed threats.

Attempts to diminish the gravity of the horrors committed at Jasenovac have been made by some far-right groups in Croatia. However, these claims have been widely dismissed as baseless and lacking in evidence.

Despite efforts to forget or dismiss what happened at Jasenovac, it remains an important site of remembrance for the victims and their families. The Stone Flower Memorial is a reminder of the lives lost and the atrocities committed.

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Sam

A Part-time Writer, Full-time Realtor, a Father, and someone who is absolutely crazy about History, Politics, and Space